Photo by Bluewater Sweden on Unsplash
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are thousands of man-made chemicals with at least a -CF3 or a -CF2– group. They have been used since the 1940s due to desirable properties, such as water resistance. For example, PFAS are used in nonstick cookware, cosmetics, grease-proof food packaging, fire-fighting foams, and clothing. This kind of chemicals can stay in the environment for a long time and build up in the human body. Some PFAS have toxicity and are linked to cancer, reproductive effects in pregnant women, and developmental problems, although the effects depend on the level of contamination. In a recent study by U.S. Geological Survey, scientists have collected tap water samples from more than 700 locations across the nation for 5 years and tested 32 types of PFAS. According to the first author, this research is the first attempt to comprehensively compare PFAS levels in tap water from public and private sources across the nation. The scientists estimated that PFAS can be detected in at least 45% of the nation’s tap water. Urban areas have a 75% chance of having PFAS in the water while the estimate for rural areas is 25%.
EPA proposed some PFAS standard in March 2023 and expects a final rule by the end of the year. At the same time, EPA recommends some water filters to address the issue, such as those using activated carbon treatment and high-pressure membranes.
Further Possibilities
1.PFAS Testing and Analysis Services
There is a growing need for a laboratory or offering on-site testing services to measure PFAS levels in water sources
2. Remediation and Water Treatment Solutions
Developing effective remediation and water treatment solutions to remove PFAS from contaminated water sources can be in demand. This might involve the implementation of innovative technologies, such as adsorption, ion exchange, and advanced oxidation processes, to eliminate or reduce PFAS concentrations in water supplies.
3. Consumer Products with PFAS-Free Certifications
Manufacturers might develop and market consumer products, such as cookware, cosmetics, and food packaging, with PFAS-free certifications.
4. PFAS-degrading Microorganisms
Develop genetically modified microorganisms that have the ability to break down and neutralize PFAS compounds in the environment.
5. PFAS-Eliminating Consumer Campaigns
Initiate large-scale consumer campaigns to raise awareness about PFAS and encourage individuals to actively avoid products containing PFAS compounds.
